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String vibrations. In physics, a string is a physical entity postulated in string theory and related subjects. Unlike elementary particles, which are zero-dimensional or point-like by definition, strings are one-dimensional extended entities. Researchers often have an interest in string theories because theories in which the fundamental ...
In particle physics, the Lund string model is a phenomenological model of hadronization. It treats all but the highest- energy gluons as field lines, which are attracted to each other due to the gluon self-interaction and so form a narrow tube (or string) of strong color field .
Traditionally, in theoretical physics, the Planck scale is the highest energy scale and all dimensionful parameters are measured in terms of the Planck scale. There is a great hierarchy between the weak scale and the Planck scale, and explaining the ratio of strength of weak force and gravity / = is the focus of much of beyond-Standard-Model physics.
The string landscape ideas can be applied to the notion of weak scale supersymmetry and the Little Hierarchy problem. For string vacua which include the MSSM (Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model) as the low energy effective field theory, all values of SUSY breaking fields are expected to be equally likely on the landscape.
Nielsen has made original contributions to theoretical particle physics, specifically in the field of string theory. Independently of Nambu and Susskind , he was the first to propose that the Veneziano model was actually a theory of strings, [ 1 ] leading him to be considered among the fathers of string theory.
Green and Schwarz realized that one can add a so-called Chern–Simons term to the classical action, having the form =, where the integral is over the 10 dimensions, is the rank-two Kalb–Ramond field, and is a gauge invariant combination of , , (with space-time indices not contracted), which is precisely one of the factors appearing in the ...
He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Physical Society (1986). [8] He was a fellow of the MacArthur Foundation in 1987.. He received the Dirac Medal of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in 1989, and the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics of the American Physical Society in 2002.
Shamit Kachru (born 1970) is an American theoretical physicist, a professor emeritus of physics at Stanford University, and a former Wells Family Director of the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics. He served as the Stanford Physics Department Chair from 2018 to 2021. He retired in 2023.