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Jesus eats with sinners and publicans by Alexandre Bida. This narrative is told in Matthew 9:10-17, Mark 2:15-22, and Luke 5:29-39. [1] The Pharisee rebuke Jesus for eating with sinners, to which Jesus responds, "It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick." Jesus shows mercy as opposed to self-righteous judgment.
The parable of the Pharisee and the Publican (or the Pharisee and the Tax Collector) is a parable of Jesus that appears in the Gospel of Luke. In Luke 18 :9–14, [ 1 ] a self-righteous Pharisee , obsessed by his own virtue , is contrasted with a tax collector who humbly asks God for mercy .
It is said that tax collectors were particularly hated in Jesus' time because often greedy men undertook it from their love of money, and extorted unjust taxes, especially from the poor. [2] Pope Francis notes that despite sitting with these tax collectors and various sinners, "Jesus was scandalized by none of them".
In the 1st century AD, Jewish Zealots in Judaea resisted the poll tax instituted by the Roman Empire. [3]: 1–7 Jesus was accused of promoting tax resistance prior to his torture and execution ("We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding to give tribute to Cæsar, saying that he himself is Christ a King" — Luke 23:2). [4]
The narrative occurs near the end of the Synoptic Gospels (at Matthew 21:12–17, [1] Mark 11:15–19, [2] and Luke 19:45–48 [3]) and near the start of the Gospel of John (at John 2:13–16). [4] Some scholars believe that these refer to two separate incidents, given that the Gospel of John also includes more than one Passover .
The Calling of St. Matthew, by Vittore Carpaccio, 1502. Calling of St. Matthew by Alexandre Bida, 1875.. The Calling of Matthew, also known as the Calling of Levi, is an episode in the life of Jesus which appears in all three synoptic gospels, Matthew 9:9–13, Mark 2:13–17 and Luke 5:27–28, and relates the initial encounter between Jesus and Matthew, the tax collector who became a disciple.
Jesus and John the Baptist (15th century). The Parable of the Two Sons is a parable told by Jesus in the New Testament, found in Matthew (Matthew 21:28–32).It contrasts the tax collectors and prostitutes who accepted the message taught by John the Baptist with the ostensibly religious people who did not.
Importantly, this role as tax collectors was not emphasized until late into the history of the Republic (c. 1st century BC). The publicans were usually of the class of equites . During the republican era, civil service, which was the size of modern middle-sized city governments [ vague ] , dealt with organising public policy for nearly thirty ...