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Manuel Palafox Ibarrola (1887 – 25 April 1959), known as El Ave Negra (English: The Black Bird), was a Mexican military who participated in the Mexican Revolution with the title of general, as well as being the trusted emissary, personal secretary and one of the most close revolutionaries to Emiliano Zapata.
The United States involvement in the Mexican Revolution was varied and seemingly contradictory, first supporting and then repudiating Mexican regimes during the period 1910–1920. [1] For both economic and political reasons, the U.S. government generally supported those who occupied the seats of power, but could withhold official recognition.
[5] The Regeneración, a revolutionary newspaper, published left-wing philosophy, and asked the public for support during the Mexican Revolution. [5] Since 1903 Colonel Celso Vega had been appointed governor of the northern district by Porfirio Díaz. Like the dictator, Colonel Vega did not enjoy respect among the population of Baja California. [9]
The Secret War in Mexico: Europe, the United States and the Mexican Revolution (University of Chicago Press, 1981). online; Saenz, Candelario. "Insurrection in the Texas Mexican Borderlands: The Plan of San Diego." Deadly Developments. Routledge, 2005. 85-103. Sandos, James A. "The plan of San Diego: War & diplomacy on the Texas border 1915-1916."
General Victoriano Huerta, who had usurped the presidency in a coup d'état in February 1913, resigned the office in July 1914 on account of revolutionary pressures, and left the country. He was replaced by Venustiano Carranza , who wished to discuss his government's policies with the other revolutionary leaders, and thus called for the ...
The Constitutional Army (Spanish: Ejército constitucional), also known as the Constitutionalist Army (Spanish: Ejército constitucionalista), was the army that fought against the Federal Army, and later, against the Villistas and Zapatistas during the Mexican Revolution.
The Plan of Ayala (Spanish: Plan de Ayala) was a document drafted by revolutionary leader Emiliano Zapata during the Mexican Revolution. [1] In it, Zapata denounced President Francisco Madero for his perceived betrayal of the revolutionary ideals embodied in Madero's Plan de San Luis Potosí, and set out his vision of land reform. [2]
Felipe Ángeles Ramírez (1868–1919) was a Mexican military officer and revolutionary during the era of the Mexican Revolution.Having risen to the rank of colonel of artillery in the Federal Army of the Porfiriato, Ángeles was promoted to general during the brief presidency of Francisco I. Madero.