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Scottish Gaelic orthography has evolved over many centuries and is heavily etymologizing in its modern form. This means the orthography tends to preserve historical components rather than operating on the principles of a phonemic orthography where the graphemes correspond directly to phonemes .
Scottish Gaelic (/ ˈ ɡ æ l ɪ k /, GAL-ik; endonym: Gàidhlig [ˈkaːlɪkʲ] ⓘ), also known as Scots Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland. As a Goidelic language, Scottish Gaelic, as well as both Irish and Manx, developed out of Old Irish ...
Descriptions of the language have largely focused on the phonology. Welsh naturalist Edward Lhuyd published the earliest major work on Scottish Gaelic after collecting data in the Scottish Highlands between 1699 and 1700, in particular data on Argyll Gaelic and the now obsolete dialects of north-east Inverness-shire.
Crailzie Hill – a hill in the Scottish Borders; Cultezeoun – a farm in Carrick, South Ayrshire from the Scottish Gaelic: cùl tighe Euain meaning "the back of Euan's house", the home of Margaret McMurray; Culzean – pronounced culain (IPA / k ʌ ˈ l eɪ n /), a historic castle in Ayrshire run by the National trust for Scotland;
Gaelic type (sometimes called Irish character, Irish type, or Gaelic script) is a family of Insular script typefaces devised for printing Early Modern Irish. It was widely used from the 16th century until the mid-18th century in Scotland and the mid-20th century in Ireland, but is now rarely used.
Note that "Fitzpatrick" is not Norman: it is actually a Normanisation of the Gaelic surname Mac Ghiolla Phádraig. Ó : In Old Irish as ua ("grandson", "descendant"). E.g., the ancestor of the O'Brien clan , Brian Boru (937–1014) was known in his lifetime as Brian mac Cennéide mac Lorcán ('Brian, the son of Cennéide, the son of Lorcán').
The most obvious phonological difference between Irish and Scottish Gaelic is that the phenomenon of eclipsis in Irish is diachronic (i.e. the result of a historical word-final nasal that may or may not be present in modern Irish) but fully synchronic in Scottish Gaelic (i.e. it requires the actual presence of a word-final nasal except for a tiny set of frozen forms).
Scottish Gaelic: ceàrr [kʲaːrˠ] 'false' Velarized. Pronounced as a trill at the beginning of a word, or as rr, or before consonants d, t, l, n, s; otherwise a voiced alveolar tap. Contrasts with /ɾʲ/ and /ɾ/ intervocally and word-finally. See Scottish Gaelic phonology: Serbo-Croatian [26] [27] рт / rt [r̩t] 'cape' May be syllabic. [28]