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  2. Approximation error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximation_error

    Best rational approximants for π (green circle), e (blue diamond), ϕ (pink oblong), (√3)/2 (grey hexagon), 1/√2 (red octagon) and 1/√3 (orange triangle) calculated from their continued fraction expansions, plotted as slopes y/x with errors from their true values (black dashes)

  3. Truncation error (numerical integration) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncation_error...

    Suppose we have a continuous differential equation ′ = (,), =, and we wish to compute an approximation of the true solution () at discrete time steps ,, …,.For simplicity, assume the time steps are equally spaced:

  4. Error function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_function

    Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Pages for logged out editors learn more

  5. Newton's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_method

    This x-intercept will typically be a better approximation to the original function's root than the first guess, and the method can be iterated. x n+1 is a better approximation than x n for the root x of the function f (blue curve) If the tangent line to the curve f(x) at x = x n intercepts the x-axis at x n+1 then the slope is

  6. Christofides algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christofides_algorithm

    There exist inputs to the travelling salesman problem that cause the Christofides algorithm to find a solution whose approximation ratio is arbitrarily close to 3/2. One such class of inputs are formed by a path of n vertices, with the path edges having weight 1 , together with a set of edges connecting vertices two steps apart in the path with ...

  7. Fermi problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_problem

    A Fermi problem (or Fermi question, Fermi quiz), also known as an order-of-magnitude problem, is an estimation problem in physics or engineering education, designed to teach dimensional analysis or approximation of extreme scientific calculations. Fermi problems are usually back-of-the-envelope calculations.

  8. Catastrophic cancellation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catastrophic_cancellation

    In numerical analysis, catastrophic cancellation [1] [2] is the phenomenon that subtracting good approximations to two nearby numbers may yield a very bad approximation to the difference of the original numbers.

  9. Approximation algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximation_algorithm

    NP-hard problems vary greatly in their approximability; some, such as the knapsack problem, can be approximated within a multiplicative factor +, for any fixed >, and therefore produce solutions arbitrarily close to the optimum (such a family of approximation algorithms is called a polynomial-time approximation scheme or PTAS).