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Empress Dowager Cixi (Mandarin pronunciation: [tsʰɹ̩̌.ɕì]; 29 November 1835 – 15 November 1908) was a Manchu noblewoman of the Yehe Nara clan who effectively but periodically controlled the Chinese government in the late Qing dynasty as empress dowager and regent for almost 50 years, from 1861 until her death in 1908.
It was restored in 1893 on order of Empress Dowager Cixi. [1] In this restoration, a new two-story superstructure was designed which incorporated elements of European architecture. Like its predecessor, the new superstructure is made out of wood but it was painted to imitate marble.
In 1881, when the Guangxu Emperor was nine, Empress Dowager Ci'an died unexpectedly, leaving Empress Dowager Cixi as sole regent for the boy. In Weng's diaries during those days, Guangxu was reportedly seen with swollen eyes, had poor concentration and was seeking consolation from Weng.
Empress Dowager Cixi intervened when the Alliance demanded him executed and Dong was only cashiered and sent back home. [172] Instead, Dong lived a life of luxury and power in "exile" in his home province of Gansu. [173] Upon Dong's death in 1908, all honours which had been stripped from him were restored and he was given a full military burial ...
Cixi’s favorite, Hai Lung (or “sea otter”), followed her wherever she went, and was considered “next in importance to the Empress herself,” the empresses’ lady-in-waiting Princess Der ...
As a result, it became necessary for her to ally herself with other powerful figures, including the late emperor's principal wife, Empress Dowager Ci'an. Cixi suggested that they become co-reigning empress dowagers, with powers exceeding the eight regents; the two had long been close friends since Cixi first came to the imperial household. [2]
After 1861, she held the title of Mother Empress, Empress Dowager Ci'an. [2] Her posthumous title was Empress Xiaozhenxian. [3] Empress Dowager Cixi (1835-1908), Yehe-Nara Xingzhen (杏贞). The highest title she held during the Xianfeng era was Noble Consort Yi (懿贵妃). [4] From 1861 to 1908, she held the title of Holy Mother, Empress ...
Empress Dowager Cixi: The Concubine Who Launched Modern China is a 2013 biography written by Jung Chang, published by Alfred A. Knopf. Chang presents a sympathetic portrait of the Empress Dowager Cixi, who unofficially controlled the Manchu Qing dynasty in China for 47 years, from 1861 to her death in 1908. Chang argues that Cixi has been ...