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The link layer corresponds to the OSI data link layer and may include similar functions as the physical layer, as well as some protocols of the OSI's network layer. These comparisons are based on the original seven-layer protocol model as defined in ISO 7498, rather than refinements in the internal organization of the network layer.
Multiple Independent Levels of Security/Safety (MILS) is a high-assurance security architecture based on the concepts of separation [1] and controlled information flow. It is implemented by separation mechanisms that support both untrusted and trustworthy components; ensuring that the total security solution is non-bypassable, evaluatable, always invoked, and tamperproof.
Multilevel security or multiple levels of security (MLS) is the application of a computer system to process information with incompatible classifications (i.e., at different security levels), permit access by users with different security clearances and needs-to-know, and prevent users from obtaining access to information for which they lack authorization.
In computer science, hierarchical protection domains, [1] [2] often called protection rings, are mechanisms to protect data and functionality from faults (by improving fault tolerance) and malicious behavior (by providing computer security). Computer operating systems provide different levels of access to resources.
Internal networks often contain a broader range of accessible machines compared to those exposed to the internet. For example, an attacker might compromise a web server on a corporate network and then utilize it to target other systems within the same network. This approach is often referred to as a multi-layered attack.
Concepts like layered security architecture and the use of artificial intelligence for threat detection became critical. The integration of frameworks such as the NIST Cybersecurity Framework emphasized the need for a comprehensive approach that includes technical defense, prevention, response, and incident recovery. Cybersecurity engineering ...
OSI model Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function [3]; Host layers 7 Application: Data: High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP. 6
Defense in depth is a concept used in information security in which multiple layers of security controls (defense) are placed throughout an information technology (IT) system. Its intent is to provide redundancy in the event a security control fails or a vulnerability is exploited that can cover aspects of personnel , procedural , technical and ...