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Some languages may allow list types to be indexed or sliced like array types, in which case the data type is more accurately described as an array. In type theory and functional programming, abstract lists are usually defined inductively by two operations: nil that yields the empty list, and cons, which adds an item at the beginning of a list. [1]
case class name(«var» name: type, ...) (val 1, val 2, val 3, ...) abstract class name case class Foo(«parameters») extends name case class Bar(«parameters») extends name ... or abstract class name case object Foo extends name case object Bar extends name ... or a combination of case classes and case objects Windows PowerShell: OCaml
Product type (also called a tuple), a record in which the fields are not named; String, a sequence of characters representing text; Union, a datum which may be one of a set of types; Tagged union (also called a variant, discriminated union or sum type), a union with a tag specifying which type the data is
In C#, apart from the distinction between value types and reference types, there is also a separate concept called reference variables. [3] A reference variable, once declared and bound, behaves as an alias of the original variable, but it can also be rebounded to another variable by using the reference assignment operator = ref. The variable ...
Type inference – C# 3 with implicitly typed local variables var and C# 9 target-typed new expressions new List comprehension – C# 3 LINQ; Tuples – .NET Framework 4.0 but it becomes popular when C# 7.0 introduced a new tuple type with language support [104] Nested functions – C# 7.0 [104] Pattern matching – C# 7.0 [104]
Example of a web form with name-value pairs. A name–value pair, also called an attribute–value pair, key–value pair, or field–value pair, is a fundamental data representation in computing systems and applications. Designers often desire an open-ended data structure that allows for future extension without modifying existing code or data.
Identifier names may be prefixed by an at sign (@), but this is insignificant; @name is the same identifier as name. Microsoft has published naming conventions for identifiers in C#, which recommends the use of PascalCase for the names of types and most type members, and camelCase for variables and for private or internal fields. [1]
In computer science, a tagged union, also called a variant, variant record, choice type, discriminated union, disjoint union, sum type, or coproduct, is a data structure used to hold a value that could take on several different, but fixed, types.