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Bascinet without accessories. The bascinet – also bassinet, basinet, or bazineto – was a Medieval European open-faced combat helmet.It evolved from a type of iron or steel skullcap, but had a more pointed apex to the skull, and it extended downwards at the rear and sides to afford protection for the neck.
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The direction a helmet faces and the number of bars on the grille has been ascribed special significance in later manuals, but this is not a period [clarification needed] practice. [6] A king's helmet, a golden helmet shown affronté with the visor raised, crowned with a royal crown, became adopted by the kings of Prussia. [6]
The great helm ultimately evolved from the nasal helmet, which had been produced in a flat-topped variant with a square profile by about 1180. [3] From this type of helmet an intermediate type, called an 'enclosed helmet' or 'primitive great helm', developed near the end of the 12th century. In this helmet the expansion of the nasal produced a ...
French close helmet of the later split-visor type, c. 1555–1560. The close helmet or close helm is a type of combat helmet that was worn by knights and other men-at-arms in the Late Medieval and Renaissance eras. It was also used by some heavily armoured, pistol-armed cuirassiers into the mid-17th century.
The helmet was made through the use of slivers of boar tusks which were attached to a leather base, padded with felt, in rows. A description of a boar's tusk helmet appears in book ten of Homer 's Iliad , as Odysseus is armed for a night raid to be conducted against the Trojans .
[1] [2] It has a wide brim that is turned up in the back and pointed in the front like a bird's beak. [3] In French, it is called a chapeau à bec due to this resemblance. [1] The hat was originally worn by nobles and royalty, and later by the rising merchant class. [1] [2] [3] It was often decorated with feathers, jewels, or other ornaments.
Over time, the cervelliere experienced several evolutions. Many helmets became increasingly pointed and the back of the skull cap elongated to cover the neck, thus developing into the bascinet. [6] Cerveillieres were worn throughout the medieval period and even during the Renaissance. [7]