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Although much of nursing ethics can appear similar to medical ethics, there are some factors that differentiate it. Breier-Mackie [5] suggests that nurses' focus on care and nurture, rather than cure of illness, results in a distinctive ethics. Furthermore, nursing ethics emphasizes the ethics of everyday practice rather than moral dilemmas. [2]
Like medical ethics, nursing ethics is very narrow in its focus, especially when compared to the expansive field of bioethics. For the most part, "nursing ethics can be defined as having a two-pronged meaning," whereby it is "the examination of all kinds of ethical and bioethical issues from the perspective of nursing theory and practice."
Reflective practice can be an important tool in practice-based professional learning settings where people learn from their own professional experiences, rather than from formal learning or knowledge transfer. It may be the most important source of personal professional development and improvement.
The ethics of care (alternatively care ethics or EoC) is a normative ethical theory that holds that moral action centers on interpersonal relationships and care or benevolence as a virtue. EoC is one of a cluster of normative ethical theories that were developed by some feminists and environmentalists since the 1980s. [ 1 ]
The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence is a broadly utilized model for teaching and studying intercultural competence, especially within the nursing profession. Employing a method of the model incorporates ideas about cultures, persons, healthcare and health professional into a distinct and extensive evaluation instrument used to establish and evaluate cultural competence in healthcare.
In holistic nursing the nurses are taught on the five core values in caring, critical thinking, holism, nursing role development and accountability. [15] These values help the nurse to be able to focus on the health care on the clients, their families and the allied health practitioners who is also involved in patient care. [15]
The Empowered Holistic Nursing Education (EHNE) nursing theory is a middle range nursing theory that was developed between 2008 and 2014 by Dr. Katie Love. It is particularly used In undergraduate level nursing education, where students are first being socialized into nursing professional practice. [1] [2]
Organizational ethics – ethics among organizations. Professional ethics. Accounting ethics – study of moral values and judgments as they apply to accountancy. Archaeological ethics; Computer ethics – deals with how computing professionals should make decisions regarding professional and social conduct. [3] Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics