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The Joule expansion (a subset of free expansion) is an irreversible process in thermodynamics in which a volume of gas is kept in one side of a thermally isolated container (via a small partition), with the other side of the container being evacuated. The partition between the two parts of the container is then opened, and the gas fills the ...
The thermoelectric effect is the direct conversion of temperature differences to electric voltage and vice versa via a thermocouple. [1] A thermoelectric device creates a voltage when there is a different temperature on each side. Conversely, when a voltage is applied to it, heat is transferred from one side to the other, creating a temperature ...
Joule's apparatus for measuring the mechanical equivalent of heat. Most established scientists, such as William Henry, [13] as well as Thomas Thomson, believed that there was enough uncertainty in the caloric theory to allow its adaptation to account for the new results. It had certainly proved robust and adaptable up to that time.
Edison effect (atomic physics) (electricity) (Thomas Edison) (vacuum tubes) Efimov effect (physics) Einstein effect (disambiguation), several different effects in physics; Einstein–de Haas effect (science) Electro-optic effect (nonlinear optics) Electrocaloric effect (cooling technology) (heat pumps) Electron-cloud effect (particle ...
This temperature change is known as the Joule–Thomson effect, and is exploited in the liquefaction of gases. Inversion temperature depends on the nature of the gas. For a van der Waals gas we can calculate the enthalpy using statistical mechanics as
The electric potential energy stored in a capacitor is U E = 1 / 2 CV 2. Some elements in a circuit can convert energy from one form to another. For example, a resistor converts electrical energy to heat. This is known as the Joule effect. A capacitor stores it in its electric field.
James Prescott Joule (/ dʒ uː l /; [1] [2] [a] 24 December 1818 – 11 October 1889) was an English physicist. Joule studied the nature of heat and discovered its relationship to mechanical work . This led to the law of conservation of energy , which in turn led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics .
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