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Stability derivatives, and also control derivatives, are measures of how particular forces and moments on an aircraft change as other parameters related to stability change (parameters such as airspeed, altitude, angle of attack, etc.). For a defined "trim" flight condition, changes and oscillations occur in these parameters.
Stability is the ability of the aircraft to counteract disturbances to its flight path. According to David P. Davies, there are six types of aircraft stability: speed stability, stick free static longitudinal stability, static lateral stability, directional stability, oscillatory stability, and spiral stability. [5]: 164
Snap, [6] or jounce, [2] is the fourth derivative of the position vector with respect to time, or the rate of change of the jerk with respect to time. [4] Equivalently, it is the second derivative of acceleration or the third derivative of velocity, and is defined by any of the following equivalent expressions: = ȷ = = =.
Movement Velocity (MVL): The average speed at which the COG shifts. [6]: 26–27 EndPoint Excursions (EPE): The distance willingly covered by the subject in their very first attempt towards the target, expressed as a percentage. [6]: 26–27 Maximum Excursions (MXE): The amount of distance the subject actually covered or moved their COG.
Based on wind resistance, for example, the terminal velocity of a skydiver in a belly-to-earth (i.e., face down) free-fall position is about 195 km/h (122 mph or 54 m/s). [3] This velocity is the asymptotic limiting value of the acceleration process, because the effective forces on the body balance each other more and more closely as the ...
An average retardation coefficient can be calculated for any given slope constant factor if velocity data points are known and distance between said velocity measurements is known. Obviously this is true only within the same flight regime.
law of the wall, horizontal velocity near the wall with mixing length model. In fluid dynamics, the law of the wall (also known as the logarithmic law of the wall) states that the average velocity of a turbulent flow at a certain point is proportional to the logarithm of the distance from that point to the "wall", or the boundary of the fluid region.
Miller twist rule is a mathematical formula derived by American physical chemist and historian of science Donald G. Miller (1927-2012) to determine the rate of twist to apply to a given bullet to provide optimum stability using a rifled barrel. [1]