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A Grotrian diagram of the hydrogen atom. Only transitions between adjacent columns are allowed, as per the selection rule =.. A Grotrian diagram, or term diagram, shows the allowed electronic transitions between the energy levels of atoms.
Simulated emission spectrum of neutral Chromium (Cr I) based on data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology Atomic Spectra Database (NIST ASD). Date: 20 January 2025: Source: Image generated through the NIST ASD website: Author: Kramida, A., Ralchenko, Yu., Reader, J., and NIST ASD Team (2024).
For mesons whose constituents are a heavy quark and its own antiquark the same notation applies as for atomic states. However, uppercase letters are used. However, uppercase letters are used. Furthermore, the first number is (as in nuclear physics) n = N + 1 {\displaystyle n=N+1} where N {\displaystyle N} is the number of nodes in the radial ...
In the terminology of atomic spectroscopy, L and S together specify a term; L, S, and J specify a level; and L, S, J and the magnetic quantum number M J specify a state. The conventional term symbol has the form 2 S +1 L J , where J is written optionally in order to specify a level.
The first of these quantities is used in atomic physics, the second in chemistry, but both refer to the same basic property of the element. To convert from "value of ionization energy" to the corresponding "value of molar ionization energy", the conversion is: 1 eV = 96.48534 kJ/mol 1 kJ/mol = 0.0103642688 eV [12]
Lists of atomic energy levels and their electron configurations have been published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for both neutral and ionized atoms. [ 4 ] For neutral atoms of all elements, the ground-state electron configurations are listed in general chemistry [ 5 ] and inorganic chemistry [ 3 ] : 38 textbooks.
Atomic Spectroscopy, by W.C. Martin and W.L. Wiese in Atomic, Molecular, & Optical Physics Handbook, ed. by G.W.F. Drake (AIP, Woodbury, NY, 1996) Chapter 10, pp. 135–153. This website is also cited in the CRC Handbook as source of Section 1, subsection Electron Configuration of Neutral Atoms in the Ground State.
In database systems, atomicity (/ ˌ æ t ə ˈ m ɪ s ə t i /; from Ancient Greek: ἄτομος, romanized: átomos, lit. 'undividable') is one of the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) transaction properties. An atomic transaction is an indivisible and irreducible series of database operations such that either all occur ...