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An intravenous solution of hydroxyethyl starch is used to prevent shock following severe blood loss caused by trauma, surgery, or other problem. It however appears to have greater risk of a poor outcome compared to other intravenous solutions [ 2 ] and may increase the risk of death.
Depending upon the degree of modification, phosphated distarch phosphate starch can contain 70%-85% type RS4 resistant starch and can replace high glycemic flour in functional bread and other baked goods. [2] [3] Replacing flour with chemically modified resistant starch increases the dietary fiber and lowers the calorie content of foods.
Pentastarch is a subgroup of hydroxyethyl starch, with five hydroxyethyl groups out of each 11 hydroxyls, giving it approximately 50% hydroxyethylation.This compares with tetrastarch at 40% and hetastarch at 70% hydroxyethylation, respectively.
The McDougall diet is a low-fat starch-based diet that is high in fiber and contains no cholesterol. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] The diet is 90% starch-based. [ 3 ] It is based on a variety of starches such as rice , potatoes , corn , breads , pasta with fresh or frozen fruits and vegetables .
Retrogradation is a reaction that takes place when the amylose and amylopectin chains in cooked, gelatinized starch realign themselves as the cooked starch cools. [1]When native starch is heated and dissolved in water, the crystalline structure of amylose and amylopectin molecules is lost and they hydrate to form a viscous solution.
Modified starch, bonded with phosphate, allows the starch to absorb more water and keeps the ingredients together. [8] Modified starch acts as an emulsifier for French dressing by enveloping oil droplets and suspending them in the water. Acid-treated starch forms the shell of jelly beans. Oxidized starch increases the stickiness of batter.
A solution of triiodide (I 3 −) (formed by mixing iodine and potassium iodide) can be used to test for starch. The colorless solution turns dark blue in the presence of starch. [70] The strength of the resulting blue color depends on the amount of amylose present. Waxy starches with little or no amylose present will color red.
The iodometric titration is a general method to determine the concentration of an oxidising agent in solution. In an iodometric titration, a starch solution is used as an indicator since it can absorb the I 2 that is released, visually indicating a positive iodine-starch test with a deep blue hue. This absorption will cause the solution to ...