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An AAC user indicates a series of numbers on an eye gaze communication board in order to convey a word. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) encompasses the communication methods used to supplement or replace speech or writing for those with impairments in the production or comprehension of spoken or written language.
Speech-generating devices (SGDs), also known as voice output communication aids, are electronic augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems used to supplement or replace speech or writing for individuals with severe speech impairments, enabling them to verbally communicate. [1]
[29] [30] AAC devices can be no-tech (sign language and body language), low-tech (picture boards, paper and pencils), or high-tech (tablets and speech generating devices). [28] The choice of AAC device is very important and should be determined on a case-by-case basis by speech therapists and assistive technology professionals.
Semantic compaction, (Minspeak), conceptually described as polysemic (multi-meaning) iconic encoding, is one of the three ways to represent language in Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). [1] It is a system utilized in AAC devices in which sequences of icons (pictorial symbols) are combined in order to form a word or a phrase.
If a device does create a voice output, it is referred to as a speech generating device. While the message may take the form of speech output, it may also be printed as a visual display of speech. Many of these devices can be connected to a computer, and in some cases, they may even be adapted to produce a variety of different languages. [15] [22]
Dynavox produce a range of speech generating devices, including the very small 'Xpress', and the 'Tango', which was designed particularly for children. Its newest device is called the Maestro, which, like the older V+ and VMax+ and M 3, provides options for multiple communication channels including cell phone, text messaging and e-mail.
ISAAC works to promote augmentative and alternative communication as a known and valued way of communicating worldwide. [6] The society's vision "is that AAC will be recognized, valued and used throughout the world" and the society's mission "is to promote the best possible communication for people with complex needs". [7]
Due to speech, motor, and cognitive decline, success with AAC devices in this population is variable [14]. Overall, amplifiers and alphabet boards are the most common low-tech AAC devices and the Lightwriter is the most common high-tech AAC device assigned to people with Parkinson’s disease [14].