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Thuja are evergreen trees growing from 10 to 200 feet (3 to 61 metres) tall, with stringy-textured reddish-brown bark. The shoots are flat, with side shoots only in a single plane. The leaves are scale-like and 1 to 10 mm (0.039 to 0.394 in) long, except young seedlings in their first year, which have needle-like leaves.
Width is not indicative of tree volume, however. The largest oak tree, as well as the tallest, in the UK has long been believed to be the Majesty Oak in Kent, [2] [3] however its 12.2m girth is exceeded by multiple trees in the UK. Similarly, the Major Oak from Sherwood Forest, another huge oak tree in the UK, also does not make the list. [4]
An endemic species is a plant only native to a certain area. Outside this area, unless spread naturally it is considered non-native, usually as a result of cultivation. Britain and Ireland have few endemic trees, most being micro-species of Whitebeam. But there are some interesting endemic trees nevertheless.
Conifers account for around one half (51%) of the UK woodland area, although this proportion varies from around one quarter (26%) in England to around three quarters (74%) in Scotland. [8] Britain's native tree flora comprises 32 species, of which 29 are broadleaves. The UK's industry and populace uses at least 50 million tonnes of timber a year.
Most species in the list are officially designated. Some species hold only an "unofficial" status. Additionally, the list includes trees that were once official but are no longer, as well as trees recognized as national symbols or for other symbolic roles.
Chamaecyparis and Thuja also provide hundreds of dwarf cultivars as well as trees, including Lawson's cypress. Dawn redwood is widely planted as an ornamental tree because of its excellent horticultural qualities, rapid growth and status as a living fossil. [26] Giant sequoia is a popular ornamental tree [27] and is occasionally grown for ...