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18,000,000 people passed through the Gulag's camps [1] [2] [3] 53 Gulag camp directorates (colloquially referred to as simply "camps") and 423 labor colonies in the Soviet Union as of March 1940 [4] The tentative consensus in contemporary Soviet historiography is that roughly 1,600,000 [b] died due to detention in the camps. [1] [2] [3]
The institution called Gulag was closed by the MVD order No 020 of January 25, 1960. After the dismantling of Gulag, forced labor still continued to be a form of punishment in the form of corrective labor camps and corrective labor colony. In 1987, the CIA estimated that 4.5 million Soviet citizens were engaged in forced labor, constituting 3% ...
The labor army members followed camp-like regulations and received the GULAG rations. [24] In 1949, the German population in the special settlements was put at 1,035,701 by the NKVD. [ 25 ] According to J. Otto Pohl 65,599 Germans perished in the special settlements; he believes that an additional 176,352 unaccounted for persons "probably died ...
The order required wives and children older than 15 years old to be sent to the GULAG for 5 to 8 years; children younger than 15 were put in "special orphanages". There were 19,000 wives were arrested and 25,000 children were removed. August 16 Creation of seven new "Forest GULAGs" for the people arrested under Order 00447 (second category ...
Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (a Soviet Army officer who became a prisoner for a decade in the Gulag system) presents in The Gulag Archipelago his view of the timeline of all the Leninist and Stalinist purges (1918–1956), in which the 1936–1938 purge may have been simply the one that got the most attention from people in a position to record its ...
Gulag: A History, also published as Gulag: A History of the Soviet Camps, is a nonfiction book covering the history of the Soviet Gulag system. It was written by American author Anne Applebaum and published in 2003 by Doubleday. Gulag won the 2004 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction and the 2004 Duff Cooper Prize.
Critics say the historian is being punished over his efforts to uncover Stalin's crimes as Putin vies to rehabilitate the Soviet leader's image.
The Gulag institution was closed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) order No 020 of 25 January 1960. [ 17 ] For those who remained, Khrushchev attempted to make the Gulag labour system less harsh, by allowing prisoners to post letters home to their families, and by allowing family members to mail clothes to prisoners, which was not ...