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Arsenic acid or arsoric acid is the chemical compound with the formula H 3 AsO 4. More descriptively written as AsO(OH) 3, this colorless acid is the arsenic analogue of phosphoric acid. Arsenate and phosphate salts behave very similarly. Arsenic acid as such has not been isolated, but is only found in solution, where it is largely ionized.
Arsenic forms colorless, odorless, crystalline oxides As 2 O 3 ("white arsenic") and As 2 O 5 which are hygroscopic and readily soluble in water to form acidic solutions. Arsenic(V) acid is a weak acid and the salts are called arsenates, [5] the most common arsenic contamination of groundwater, and a problem that affects
The protonation steps between the arsenate and arsenic acid are similar to those between phosphate and phosphoric acid. Unlike phosphorous acid, arsenous acid is genuinely tribasic, with the formula As(OH) 3. [36] A broad variety of sulfur compounds of arsenic are known.
Phosphorous acid exists in as the dihydroxy tautomer in contrast to arsenous acid.. As(OH) 3 is a pyramidal molecule consisting of three hydroxyl groups bonded to arsenic. The 1 H NMR spectrum of arsenous acid solutions consists of a single signal consistent with the molecule's high symmetry. [3]
Like all arsenic-containing compounds, arsonic acids are toxic and carcinogenic to humans. [1] [2] Arsonic acid refers to H 3 As O 3, the case where the substituent is a single hydrogen atom. The other arsonic acids can simply be viewed as hydrocarbyl derivatives of this base case. Arsenic acid results when the substituent is a hydroxyl group.
The old (but extremely sensitive) Marsh test generates AsH 3 in the presence of arsenic. [4] This procedure, published in 1836 by James Marsh, [18] is based upon treating an As-containing sample of a victim's body (typically the stomach contents) with As-free zinc and dilute sulfuric acid: if the sample contains arsenic, gaseous arsine will ...
The arsenate is an ion with the chemical formula AsO 3− 4. [1] Bonding in arsenate consists of a central arsenic atom, with oxidation state +5, double bonded to one oxygen atom and single bonded to a further three oxygen atoms. [2] The four oxygen atoms orient around the arsenic atom in a tetrahedral geometry. [2]
Arsonic acid is the simplest of the arsonic acids. It is a hypothetical compound , although the tautomeric arsenious acid (As(OH) 3 ) is well established. In contrast to the instability of HAsO(OH) 2 , the phosphorus compound with analogous stoichiometry exists as the tetrahedral tautomer.