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A large civil police force organised and trained along military lines, which may contain paramilitary elements. This is the usual definition in places outside Great Britain such as the former Royal Irish Constabulary , the former Royal Ulster Constabulary [ citation needed ] , Royal Newfoundland Constabulary , Jamaica Constabulary Force .
Territorial police force Cheshire Constabulary: Unitary authorities of Cheshire East, Cheshire West and Chester, Halton, and Warrington: 2,370 [1] £208.0 [2] 2,155: 1857 North West England: England and Wales: Territorial police force City of London Police: City of London: 970 [1] £67.0 [2] 2.6: 1839 Greater London: England and Wales ...
This, together with the small size of the police forces, means they are often reliant on the territorial force for the area under whose jurisdiction they fall to assist with any serious matter. The statutory responsibility for law and order sits with the territorial police forces even if there is a specialist police force in the locality.
[25] [26] Upon request from the chief police officer of a police force, members of one of the above three forces can be given the full powers of constables in the police area of the requesting force. [ 25 ] [ 27 ] This was used to supplement police numbers in the areas surrounding the 2005 G8 summit at Gleneagles.
England and Wales have 43 local police forces (formerly known as constabularies), each of which covers a 'police area' (a particular county, grouping of counties or metropolitan area). Since 2012, 41 of these forces have their own directly elected Police and Crime Commissioner, under the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011.
The following list compares the size of police forces and police per head. In 2006, an analysis by the United Nations indicates an approximate median of 300 police officers per 100,000 inhabitants. [1] Only nine countries disclosed values lower than 100 officers per 100,000 inhabitants. [1]
The concept of a police-type occupation of Germany arose from the consideration of plans for the most efficient employment of the relatively small forces available. [1]The speed of redeployment in the fall of 1945, and the certainty that the occupational troop basis would have to be reduced speedily, dictated the utmost economy in the use of manpower.
Special constables have identical powers to their regular (full-time) colleagues and work alongside them, but most special constabularies in England and Wales have their own organisational structure and grading system, which varies from force to force. Special constabularies are headed by a chief officer.