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Synthetic initialization vector (SIV) is a nonce-misuse resistant block cipher mode. SIV synthesizes an internal IV using the pseudorandom function S2V. S2V is a keyed hash based on CMAC, and the input to the function is: Additional authenticated data (zero, one or many AAD fields are supported) Plaintext; Authentication key (K 1).
Skein was created by Bruce Schneier, Niels Ferguson, Stefan Lucks, Doug Whiting, Mihir Bellare, Tadayoshi Kohno, Jon Callas and Jesse Walker.. Skein is based on the Threefish tweakable block cipher compressed using Unique Block Iteration (UBI) chaining mode, a variant of the Matyas–Meyer–Oseas hash mode, [3] while leveraging an optional low-overhead argument-system for flexibility.
Stream ciphers can be built using block ciphers. OFB mode and CTR mode are block modes that turn a block cipher into a stream cipher. Cryptographic hash functions can be built using block ciphers. [47] [48] See the one-way compression function for descriptions of several such methods. The methods resemble the block cipher modes of operation ...
In cryptography, a cipher block chaining message authentication code (CBC-MAC) is a technique for constructing a message authentication code (MAC) from a block cipher.The message is encrypted with some block cipher algorithm in cipher block chaining (CBC) mode to create a chain of blocks such that each block depends on the proper encryption of the previous block.
GCM uses a block cipher with block size 128 bits (commonly AES-128) operated in counter mode for encryption, and uses arithmetic in the Galois field GF(2 128) to compute the authentication tag; hence the name. Galois Message Authentication Code (GMAC) is an authentication-only variant of the GCM which can form an incremental message ...
Shabal function mode of operation. The chaining mode of Shabal works as follows: (A, B) ← PM,C (A, B, C) ← (A, C – M, B), (A ⊕ W, B + M), where M is the message block, and W is the counter. After processing all message blocks, three finalization rounds are applied in which the message block and the counter values are fixed.
CCM mode (counter with cipher block chaining message authentication code; counter with CBC-MAC) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. It is an authenticated encryption algorithm designed to provide both authentication and confidentiality. CCM mode is only defined for block ciphers with a block length of 128 bits. [1] [2]
In cryptography, MDC-2 (Modification Detection Code 2, sometimes called Meyer–Schilling, [citation needed] standardized in ISO 10118-2) is a cryptographic hash function. MDC-2 is a hash function based on a block cipher with a proof of security in the ideal-cipher model. [1] The length of the output hash depends on the underlying block cipher ...