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Arsenic and its compounds, especially the trioxide, are used in the production of pesticides, treated wood products, herbicides, and insecticides. These applications are declining with the increasing recognition of the toxicity of arsenic and its compounds. [15] Arsenic has been known since ancient times to be poisonous to humans. [16]
Arsenic trioxide powder.. Compounds of arsenic resemble in some respects those of phosphorus which occupies the same group (column) of the periodic table.The most common oxidation states for arsenic are: −3 in the arsenides, which are alloy-like intermetallic compounds, +3 in the arsenites, and +5 in the arsenates and most organoarsenic compounds.
The group 1 alkali metals and the group 2, alkaline earth metals, form arsenides with isolated arsenic atoms. They form upon heating arsenic powder with excess sodium gives sodium arsenide (Na 3 As). The structure of Na 3 As is complex with unusually short Na–Na distances of 328–330 pm which are shorter than in sodium metal.
Arsine (IUPAC name: arsane) is an inorganic compound with the formula As H 3. This flammable, pyrophoric, and highly toxic pnictogen hydride gas is one of the simplest compounds of arsenic. [4] Despite its lethality, it finds some applications in the semiconductor industry and for the synthesis of organoarsenic compounds.
Arsenic compounds have been known for at least 5000 years, and the ancient Greek Theophrastus recognized the arsenic minerals called realgar and orpiment. Elemental arsenic was discovered in the 13th century by Albertus Magnus. [14] Antimony was well known to the ancients. A 5000-year-old vase made of nearly pure antimony exists in the Louvre.
Arsenic pentoxide, As 2 O 5 Index of chemical compounds with the same name This set index article lists chemical compounds articles associated with the same name.
The poisonous properties of arsenic are the subject of an extensive literature. [26] [27] [28] In Austria, there lived the so-called "arsenic eaters of Styria", who ingested doses far beyond the lethal dose of arsenic trioxide without any apparent harm. Arsenic is thought to enable strenuous work at high altitudes, e.g. in the Alps. [29] [30 ...
These compounds have structures similar to the phosphorus sulfides. Arsenic-arsenic bonds are very weak, and oligomeric arsenic compounds are even more liable to oxidize than their hydrogenated precursors. [6]: 318–320 The following reaction can, however, be prepared through electrochemical reduction in a zinc-sulfate cell.