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  2. Chutzpah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chutzpah

    The word derives from the Hebrew ḥuṣpāh (חֻצְפָּה), meaning "insolence", "cheek" or "audacity". Thus, the original Yiddish word has a strongly negative connotation, but the form which entered English as a Yiddishism in American English has taken on a broader meaning, having been popularized through vernacular use in film ...

  3. Hubris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubris

    Illustration for John Milton's Paradise Lost by Gustave Doré (1866). The spiritual descent of Lucifer into Satan, one of the most famous examples of hubris.. Hubris (/ ˈ h juː b r ɪ s /; from Ancient Greek ὕβρις (húbris) 'pride, insolence, outrage'), or less frequently hybris (/ ˈ h aɪ b r ɪ s /), [1] describes a personality quality of extreme or excessive pride [2] or dangerous ...

  4. Pardes (exegesis) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pardes_(exegesis)

    Each type of Pardes interpretation examines the extended meaning of a text. As a general rule, the extended meaning never contradicts the base meaning. [8] The Peshat means the plain or contextual meaning of the text. Remez is the allegorical meaning. Derash includes the metaphorical meaning, and Sod represents the hidden meaning. There is ...

  5. Hybris (mythology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybris_(mythology)

    According to the mythographer Apollodorus, the god Apollo "learned the art of prophecy from Pan, the son of Zeus and Hybris (Ὕβρεως)". [4] Whether this Pan equates to Pan, the god of shepherds and flocks, who was usually said to be the son of Hermes, remains unclear.

  6. Ben-Yehuda Dictionary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben-Yehuda_Dictionary

    If there was an agreement about the meaning of a particular word but it was used with a different meaning in literature, he wrote down both meanings side by side. In addition to defining each word, Ben-Yehuda included translation to three languages: English, German, and French. This was mainly done by Ben-Yehuda's assistant, Moshe Bar-Nissim.

  7. Rahab (term) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahab_(term)

    Rahab (Hebrew: רַהַב, Modern: Rahav, Tiberian: Rahaḇ, "blusterer") is used in the Hebrew Bible to indicate pride or arrogance, a mystical sea monster, as an emblematic or poetic name for Egypt, [1] and for the sea. [2] Rahab (Hebrew: רָחָב‎, Rachav, "spacious place") is also one of the Hebrew words for the Abyss.

  8. Masoretic Text - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masoretic_Text

    The Masoretic Text is the basis for most Protestant translations of the Old Testament such as the King James Version, English Standard Version, [8] New American Standard Bible, [9] and New International Version. [10] After 1943, it has also been used for some Catholic Bibles, such as the New American Bible and the New Jerusalem Bible.

  9. Jewish commentaries on the Bible - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_commentaries_on_the...

    The Hebrew and English bible text is the New JPS version. It contains a number of commentaries, written in English, on the Torah which run alongside the Hebrew text and its English translation, and it also contains a number of essays on the Torah and Tanakh in the back of the book.