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An SQL injection takes advantage of SQL syntax to inject malicious commands that can read or modify a database or compromise the meaning of the original query. [13] For example, consider a web page that has two text fields which allow users to enter a username and a password.
A classification of SQL injection attacking vector as of 2010. In computing, SQL injection is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution (e.g. to dump the database contents to the attacker).
Major DBMSs, including SQLite, [5] MySQL, [6] Oracle, [7] IBM Db2, [8] Microsoft SQL Server [9] and PostgreSQL [10] support prepared statements. Prepared statements are normally executed through a non-SQL binary protocol for efficiency and protection from SQL injection, but with some DBMSs such as MySQL prepared statements are also available using a SQL syntax for debugging purposes.
It is common for a web application to store in a database the hash value of a user's password. Without a salt, a successful SQL injection attack may yield easily crackable passwords. Because many users re-use passwords for multiple sites, the use of a salt is an important component of overall web application security. [14]
Authentication fails if the two hashes do not match; moreover, authentication would equally fail if a hashed value were entered as a password, since the authentication system would hash it a second time. To learn a password from a hash is to find a string which, when input into the hash function, creates that same hash.
With interface injection, dependencies are completely ignorant of their clients, yet still send and receive references to new clients. In this way, the dependencies become injectors. The key is that the injecting method is provided through an interface. An assembler is still needed to introduce the client and its dependencies.
Passwords were stored in cleartext in the database and were extracted through an SQL injection vulnerability. The Imperva Application Defense Center (ADC) did an analysis on the strength of the passwords. [22] Some of the key findings were: about 30% of users chose passwords whose length was below seven characters,
If an attacker has the hashes of a user's password, they do not need the cleartext password; they can simply use the hash to authenticate with a server and impersonate that user. [4] [5] [6] In other words, from an attacker's perspective, hashes are functionally equivalent to the original passwords that they were generated from.