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Another classification is by the action against the vulnerable system; unauthorized data access, arbitrary code execution, and denial of service are examples. Exploitations are commonly categorized and named [ 9 ] [ 10 ] by the type of vulnerability they exploit (see vulnerabilities for a list) [ clarification needed ] , whether they are local ...
Denial – A strategy that seeks to destroy the enemy's ability to wage war; Distraction – An attack by some of the force on one or two flanks, drawing up to a strong frontal attack by the rest of the force; Encirclement – Both a strategy and tactic designed to isolate and surround enemy forces
Denied area is an intelligence term of art describing an extremely hostile operational environment with heavy surveillance. [1] [2]The United States Department of Defense defines a denied area as "an area under enemy or unfriendly control in which friendly forces cannot expect to operate successfully within existing operational constraints and force capabilities."
There is ongoing debate over how cyberwarfare should be defined and no absolute definition is widely agreed upon. [9] [12] While the majority of scholars, militaries, and governments use definitions that refer to state and state-sponsored actors, [9] [13] [14] other definitions may include non-state actors, such as terrorist groups, companies, political or ideological extremist groups ...
The exploration-exploitation dilemma, also known as the explore-exploit tradeoff, is a fundamental concept in decision-making that arises in many domains. [1] [2] It is depicted as the balancing act between two opposing strategies. Exploitation involves choosing the best option based on current knowledge of the system (which may be incomplete ...
A cyberattack can be defined as any attempt by an individual or organization "using one or more computers and computer systems to steal, expose, change, disable or eliminate information, or to breach computer information systems, computer networks, and computer infrastructures". [1]
More than 20 cases are reported each month to the FBI, and many go unreported in order to keep the victim's name out of the public domain. Perpetrators often use a distributed denial-of-service attack. [14] However, other cyberextortion techniques exist, such as doxing and bug poaching. An example of cyberextortion was the Sony Hack of 2014. [15]
Anti-access/area denial (or A2/AD) is a military strategy to control access to and within an operating environment. [2] In an early definition, anti-access refers to those actions and capabilities, usually long-range, designed to prevent an opposing force from entering an operational area.