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Not all apes live on the ground today. Orangutans and gibbons are tailless apes that still live in trees. But Potts notes that they move very differently than monkeys, who scamper along the tops ...
Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus Homo – and leading to the emergence of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.
"Ape", from Old English apa, is a word of uncertain origin. [b] The term has a history of rather imprecise usage—and of comedic or punning usage in the vernacular.Its earliest meaning was generally of any non-human anthropoid primate, as is still the case for its cognates in other Germanic languages.
Homininae (the hominines), is a subfamily of the family Hominidae (hominids). (The Homininae— / h ɒ m ɪ ˈ n aɪ n iː / —encompass humans, and are also called "African hominids" or "African apes".) [1] [2] This subfamily includes two tribes, Hominini and Gorillini, both having extant (or living) species as well as extinct species.
Since 2010, scientists have known that the Y chromosome is rapidly evolving in humans, but a new study shows that the same can be said across all Great Apes—the closest relatives to humans.
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The phylogenetic split of Hominidae into the subfamilies Homininae and Ponginae is dated to the middle Miocene, roughly 18 to 14 million years ago.This split is also referenced as the "orangutan–human last common ancestor" by Jeffrey H. Schwartz, professor of anthropology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Arts and Sciences, and John Grehan, director of science at the Buffalo Museum.
This, in turn, suggests that human bipedality evolved from a more arboreal ancestor occupying a generalized locomotor and ecological niche common to all living apes". [11] Arguments for the independent evolution of knuckle-walking [11] [27] have not gone without criticism, however. [28]