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Secondary cloverleaf structure of tRNA Phe from yeast.. The cloverleaf model of tRNA is a model that depicts the molecular structure of tRNA. [1] The model revealed that the chain of tRNA consists of two ends—sometimes called "business ends"—and three arms.
The cloverleaf structure becomes the 3D L-shaped structure through coaxial stacking of the helices, which is a common RNA tertiary structure motif. The lengths of each arm, as well as the loop 'diameter', in a tRNA molecule vary from species to species. [6] [7] The tRNA structure consists of the following:
The structure of a tRNA molecule is a distinctive folded structure which contains three hairpin loops and resembles a three-leafed clover. [3] Function
In the mid-1960s, the role of tRNA in protein synthesis was being intensively studied. In 1965, Holley et al. purified and sequenced the first tRNA molecule, initially proposing that it adopted a cloverleaf structure, based largely on the ability of certain regions of the molecule to form stem loop structures. [60]
There are many secondary structure elements of functional importance to biological RNAs; some famous examples are the Rho-independent terminator stem-loops and the tRNA cloverleaf. Active research is on-going to determine the secondary structure of RNA molecules, with approaches including both experimental and computational methods (see also ...
The resulting Nussinov plot will easily reveal secondary structures such as cloverleaf structures in RNA or tRNA (the presence of "flowers"). If chords drawn intersect, this corresponds to pseudoknots in the tRNA structure. Pseudoknots imply twists in the RNA or tRNA structure (the RNA or tRNA is not really planar). Lines (bonds between flowers ...
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The structure of a tRNA molecule is a distinctive folded structure which contains three hairpin loops and resembles a three-leafed clover. [3]