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The state he established, named the Quilombo dos Palmares, was a self-sustaining republic of Maroons escaped from the Portuguese settlements in Brazil, and was "a region perhaps the size of Portugal in the hinterland of Pernambuco". [36]
The United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves is established under Queen Maria I. Brazil is elevated from the status of Portuguese colony to a constituent kingdom of the united kingdom. 1817: March: The French Artistic Mission in Brazil comes to Rio de Janeiro. [80] 13 May: Prince Pedro is married by proxy to Maria Leopoldina of ...
Constitution of Brazil established as the third Federative Republic 7 September 1822: Independence from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves declared 11 November 1903: Signing of the Treaty of Petrópolis with Bolivia whereby Brazil was given the territory of Acre in exchange for lands in Mato Grosso: 29 August 1825
Brazil's first constitution in 1824 established a bicameral legislature, now called the National Congress, and enshrined principles such as freedom of religion and the press, but retained slavery, which was gradually abolished throughout the 19th century until its final abolition in 1888.
The towns founded in this period include Curitiba (1668), Florianópolis (1675), Rio Grande (1736), Porto Alegre (1742) and others, and helped keep southern Brazil firmly under Portuguese control. The conflicts over the Southern colonial frontiers led to the signing of the Treaty of Madrid (1750) , in which Spain and Portugal agreed to a ...
The land now known as Brazil was claimed by the Portuguese for the first time on 23 April 1500 when the Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral landed on its coast. Permanent settlement by the Portuguese followed in 1534, and for the next 300 years they slowly expanded into the territory to the west until they had established nearly all of the frontiers which constitute modern Brazil's borders.
"Brazil is, next to ourselves, the great power on the American continent", affirmed James Watson Webb, the US minister to Brazil, in 1867. [185] The Empire's rise was noticed as early as 1844 by John C. Calhoun , the US Secretary of State: "Next to the United States, Brazil is the most wealthy, the greatest and the most firmly established of ...
The 1824 Constitution established the first rules for the Brazilian electoral system. The General Assembly, highest body of the national legislature, was created, composed of the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies , whose members were chosen by popular vote.