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The L-1011-250 was an upgrade developed for late-model L-1011-1 aircraft and all L-1011-100 and L-1011-200 aircraft. The more powerful engines, lengthened wing, active-load-control ailerons and other systems that had been developed for the L-1011-500 were adapted into the baseline model.
The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar carrier aircraft first flew in February 1974, and was delivered to Air Canada as C-FTNJ the following month. In May 1992 Orbital Sciences acquired the plane and had Marshall Aerospace in the UK implement accommodations for the Pegasus system. It was renamed for use as carrier aircraft for the Pegasus launch system. [12]
The aircraft involved in the accident was a Lockheed L-1011-200 TriStar (registered in Saudi Arabia as HZ-AHK). It made its first flight on 13 July 1979, and was delivered to Saudia on 21 August 1979. [5]: 89 [6] The captain of the flight was 38-year-old Mohammed al-Khowyter, a Saudi who was hired by Saudia in 1965.
The captain bumped the yoke on the aircraft, causing it to turn off the autopilot. Due to the focus on the landing gear and the minimal changes in the cockpit, the pilots did not notice. Because of this, the aircraft gradually lost altitude and crashed. This was the first hull loss and fatal crash of a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar. [5]
Eastern Air Lines Flight 935 was a scheduled commercial passenger flight operated by Eastern Air Lines.On September 22, 1981, the Lockheed L-1011 TriStar jet operating the flight suffered an uncontained engine failure which led to a loss of 3 out of the 4 hydraulic systems aboard the aircraft at an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,000 m) MSL.
The Lockheed L-1011 was the pride of the Eastern fleet — and the first of a new generation of wide-body jumbo jets to crash. The death toll was, in 1972, the highest of any one-plane accident.
The aircraft was a 2 year old Lockheed L-1011-385 Tristar (Serial number 193C-1077) and was delivered to Delta on 24 May 1974 (registered as N707DA), at the time of the accident, had 5,000 flight hours. The captain was 56 year old Jack McMahan, who had 23,000 flight hours, of which 2,000 were in the L-1011.
The incident aircraft was a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar 1, registration N334EA, [1] msn 1141. The aircraft had been manufactured in 1976. [2] It was powered by three Rolls-Royce RB211-22B turbofan engines. [2] [3]