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Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition involving one or more anatomical abnormalities of the hip joint, which is a ball and socket joint. [1] It is a common cause of hip pain and discomfort in young and middle-aged adults. [ 2 ]
In addition, an internal rotation of the respective hip joint is either not possible or accompanied by pain when forcefully induced. [2] The positive Drehmann sign is a typical clinical feature in slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), the impingement syndrome of the acetabulum-hip, or in osteoarthritis of the hip joint. [3]
Anatomical modifications of the femur and or hip socket cause a slow buildup of damage to the cartilage. Femur or acetabular dysplasia can lead to femoral acetabular impingement (FAI). Impingement occurs when the femoral head rubs abnormally or lacks a full range of motion in the acetabular socket. [7] There are three different forms of FAI.
Age. The risk of most causes of joint pain increases with age. This may be due to increased wear and stress on joints over time and a higher likelihood of other underlying medical conditions ...
For example, sitting pain is associated with sciatic nerve entrapment under the piriformis, but pain lateral to the ischium when walking is associated with ischiofemoral impingement. [1] The core of the physical examination is palpation and stretch/activation tests of the external hip rotators.
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Diagram of the bony pathology of both cam and pincer impingement Figure 7. A complex labral tear. An arthroscopic probe is seen at the junction of the labrum and acetabular rim. Hip arthroscopy was initially used for the diagnosis of unexplained hip pain, but is now widely used in the treatment of conditions both in and outside the hip joint ...