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Glycine (symbol Gly or G; [6] / ˈ ɡ l aɪ s iː n / ⓘ) [7] is an amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain. It is the simplest stable amino acid ( carbamic acid is unstable). Glycine is one of the proteinogenic amino acids .
10249 107146 Ensembl ENSG00000149124 ENSMUSG00000063683 UniProt Q6IB77 Q91XE0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_201648 NM_005838 NM_145935 RefSeq (protein) NP_005829 NP_964011 NP_666047 Location (UCSC) Chr 11: 58.64 – 58.73 Mb Chr 19: 12.61 – 12.63 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Glycine-N-acyltransferase, also known as GLYAT, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the GLYAT ...
Glycine encephalopathy is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of glycine metabolism. After phenylketonuria, glycine encephalopathy is the second most common disorder of amino acid metabolism. The disease is caused by defects in the glycine cleavage system, an enzyme responsible for glycine catabolism. There are several forms of the disease ...
Phenylbutyrate, which is the product of phenylacetate, conjugates with glutamine to form phenylacetylglutamine, which is excreted by the kidneys. Similarly, sodium benzoate reduces ammonia content in the blood by conjugating with glycine to form hippuric acid , which is rapidly excreted by the kidneys. [ 14 ]
Studies in rats and mice have found that natural phenols such as resveratrol and curcumin can prevent the negative effects of the AGEs. [ 46 ] [ 47 ] Compounds that are thought to break some existing AGE crosslinks include Alagebrium (and related ALT-462, ALT-486, and ALT-946) [ 48 ] and N-phenacyl thiazolium bromide . [ 49 ]
Biochemically, hippuric acid is produced from benzoic acid and glycine, which occurs in the liver, intestine, and kidneys. [5] In terms of mechanism, benzoic acid is converted to benzoyl CoA, an acylating agent. [6] Hippuric acid may be formed from the essential amino acid phenylalanine through at least two pathways.
Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. [1] There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine (GPLC) is a propionyl ester of carnitine that includes an additional glycine component. Due to tissues esterases enzymes, GPLC should act as a prodrug and lead to glycine, carnitine and propionic acid in the body.