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Color depth, also known as bit depth, is either the number of bits used to indicate the color of a single pixel, or the number of bits used for each color component of a single pixel. When referring to a pixel, the concept can be defined as bits per pixel (bpp).
8-bit color graphics are a method of storing image information in a computer's memory or in an image file, so that each pixel is represented by 8 bits (1 byte). The maximum number of colors that can be displayed at any one time is 256 per pixel or 2 8 .
In an 8-bit color palette each pixel's value is represented by 8 bits resulting in a 256-value palette (2 8 = 256). This is usually the maximum number of grays in ordinary monochrome systems; each image pixel occupies a single memory byte.
Current typical display adapters use up to 24 bits of information for each pixel: 8-bit per component multiplied by three components (see the Numeric representations section below (24 bits = 256 3, each primary value of 8 bits with values of 0–255).
The 4-bit per pixel (4bpp) format supports 16 distinct colors and stores 2 pixels per 1 byte, the left-most pixel being in the more significant nibble. [5] Each pixel value is a 4-bit index into a table of up to 16 colors. The 8-bit per pixel (8bpp) format supports 256 distinct colors and stores 1 pixel per 1 byte.
The number of distinct colors that can be represented by a pixel depends on the number of bits per pixel (bpp). A 1 bpp image uses 1 bit for each pixel, so each pixel can be either on or off. Each additional bit doubles the number of colors available, so a 2 bpp image can have 4 colors, and a 3 bpp image can have 8 colors:
As of 2019, the most common image colorspace in graphics cards is the RGB color model with 8 bits per pixel color depth.Using this technique, 8 bits per pixel are used to describe the luminance level in each of the RGB channels, therefore 24 bits fully describe the color of each pixel.
A resolution of 640×350 pixels of 16 different colours in 4 bits per pixel (bpp), selectable from a 64-colour palette in 2 bits per each of red-green-blue (RGB) unit. [1]