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A pulsar–neutron star system, e.g, PSR B1913+16. A pulsar and a normal star; e.g, PSR J0045−7319, a system that is composed of a pulsar and main-sequence B star. Theoretically, a pulsar-black hole system is possible and would be of enormous scientific interest but no such system has yet been identified.
PSR J0002+6216, also dubbed the Cannonball Pulsar, is a pulsar discovered by the Einstein@Home project in 2017. [2] It is one of the fastest moving pulsars known, and has moved 53 ly (5.0 × 10 14 km; 3.1 × 10 14 mi) away from the location of its formation supernova, where the remaining supernova nebula, CTB 1 (Abell 85 [3]), is.
Porous chondrite dust particle. Cosmic dust – also called extraterrestrial dust, space dust, or star dust – is dust that occurs in outer space or has fallen onto Earth. [1] [2] Most cosmic dust particles measure between a few molecules and 0.1 mm (100 μm), such as micrometeoroids (<30 μm) and meteoroids (>30 μm). [3]
Stardust was a 385-kilogram robotic space probe launched by NASA on 7 February 1999. Its primary mission was to collect dust samples from the coma of comet Wild 2 , as well as samples of cosmic dust , and return them to Earth for analysis.
Pulsar wind nebulae evolve through various phases. [2] [5] New pulsar wind nebulae appear soon after a pulsar's creation, and typically sit inside a supernova remnant, for example the Crab Nebula, [6] or the nebula within the large Vela Supernova Remnant. [7] As the pulsar wind nebula ages, the supernova remnant dissipates and disappears.
An X-ray pulsar is a type of binary star system consisting of a typical star (stellar companion) in orbit around a magnetized neutron star.The magnetic field strength at the surface of the neutron star is typically about 10 8 Tesla, over a trillion times stronger than the strength of the magnetic field measured at the surface of the Earth (60 μT).
The pulsar was discovered by Russell Alan Hulse and Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 1974. Their discovery of the system and analysis of it earned them the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation." [8]
Gamma ray and optical (visible light) light curves for the pulsar, adapted from Spolon et al. (2019) [3]. Vela is the brightest pulsar (at radio frequencies) in the sky and spins 11 times per second [4] (i.e. a period of 89.33 milliseconds—the shortest known at the time of its discovery) and the remnant from the supernova explosion is estimated to be travelling outwards at 1,200 km/s (750 mi ...