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1816 is known as the Year Without a Summer because of severe climate abnormalities that caused average global temperatures to decrease by 0.4–0.7 °C (0.7–1 °F). [1] Summer temperatures in Europe were the coldest of any on record between 1766 and 2000, [ 2 ] resulting in crop failures and major food shortages across the Northern Hemisphere .
The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines' Luzon Volcanic Arc was the second-largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, behind only the 1912 eruption of Novarupta in Alaska. Eruptive activity began on April 2 as a series of phreatic explosions from a fissure that opened on the north side of Mount Pinatubo .
Pinatubo is known for its VEI-6 eruption on June 15, 1991, the second-largest terrestrial eruption of the 20th century after the 1912 eruption of Novarupta in Alaska. [7] The eruption coincided with Typhoon Yunya making landfall in the Philippines, which brought a dangerous mix of ash and rain to nearby towns and cities.
The Philippines' Kanlaon volcano erupted for nearly four minutes, shooting ash 2.5 miles into the sky and prompting the emergency evacuation of some 87,000 people. Tens of thousands of people ...
1991: Mount Pinatubo, Philippines. On June 15, 1991, a rumbling Mount Pinatubo grew and grew until it exploded in the biggest volcanic eruption on Earth in 100 years. Super-pressurized, gas ...
The eruption caused a volcanic winter. During the Northern Hemisphere summer of 1816, global temperatures cooled by 0.53 °C (0.95 °F). This cooling directly or indirectly caused 90,000 deaths. The eruption of Mount Tambora was the largest cause of this climate anomaly. [22]
The Mount Bulusan volcano in the Philippines’ Sorsogon province erupted on June 6 in a plume of ash and steam.The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology reported a phreatic eruption ...
The eruption is believed to have contributed to the accumulation of atmospheric ash, [citation needed] capped by the catastrophic eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815, that led to the Year Without a Summer in 1816. Pinatubo eruption: 1500 to 2021: Reawakened in 1991 producing the 2nd largest eruption in the 20th century.