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Cobra is the common name of various venomous snakes, most of which belong to the genus Naja. [ 1 ] Many cobras are capable of rearing upwards and producing a hood when threatened.
The king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) is a species complex of snakes endemic to Asia.With an average of 3.18 to 4 m (10.4 to 13.1 ft) and a record length of 5.85 m (19.2 ft), [2] it is the world's longest venomous snake and among the heaviest.
It is the largest of the Naja cobras and the venom is considered highly toxic. If the snake becomes cornered or is agitated, it can quickly attack the aggressor, and if a large amount of venom is injected, a rapidly fatal outcome is possible.
Spitting cobras belong to the Elapidae, which comprises snakes including cobras, mambas, coral snakes, kraits, taipans, death adders and sea snakes. [2] Many snakes use their venom as both a defensive and predatory mechanism, and this includes the spitting cobras.
The forest cobra (Naja melanoleuca), also commonly called the black cobra and the black and white-lipped cobra, [4] is a species of highly venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to Africa , mostly the central and western parts of the continent. [ 5 ]
The most important factors in the difference of mortality rates among victims envenomated by cobras is the severity of the bite and which cobra species caused the envenomation. The Caspian cobra (N. oxiana) and the Philippine cobra (N. philippinensis) are the two cobra species with the most toxic venom based on LD 50 studies on mice.
The Chinese cobra (Naja atra), also called the Taiwan cobra, is a species of cobra in the family Elapidae, found mostly in southern China and a couple of neighboring nations and islands. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is one of the most prevalent venomous snakes in China , which has caused many snakebite incidents to humans.
The cobras that produce the toxin live in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and Asia. The venom, produced by these snakes, is a mixture of proteins, carbohydrates, and other substances. The venom is only used when the snake needs it for survival, because it costs a lot of effort to produce.