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Some people consider it best to use person-first language, for example "a person with a disability" rather than "a disabled person." [1] However identity-first language, as in "autistic person" or "deaf person", is preferred by many people and organizations. [2] Language can influence individuals' perception of disabled people and disability. [3]
Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability (in the United Kingdom), [3] and formerly mental retardation (in the United States), [4] [5] [6] is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in intellectual and adaptive functioning that is first apparent during childhood.
Borderline intellectual functioning, previously called borderline mental retardation (in the ICD-8), [1] is a categorization of intelligence wherein a person has below average cognitive ability (generally an IQ of 70–85), [2] but the deficit is not as severe as intellectual disability (below 70). It is sometimes called below average IQ (BAIQ).
Mental disorder, also called mental illness or psychiatric disorder, a behavioral or mental pattern that causes impairment of personal functioning Neurodevelopmental disorder, a disorder of brain function; Emotional and behavioral disorders, a disability classification used in educational settings
He has learning and communication disabilities. [29] [30] 1937 Lennie Small Of Mice and Men: John Steinbeck: He is a migrant worker with learning and communication disabilities. He relies on his best friend for support. [31] 1937 Candy Candy is an old man with a stooped posture and no right hand, which he lost in an accident on the ranch. 1937 ...
Reportedly even within the disability rights movement internationally, "there is a lot of sanism", and "disability organisations don't always 'get' mental health and don't want to be seen as mentally defective." Conversely, those coming from the mental health side may not view such conditions as disabilities in the same way. [18]
While originally created only for people with physical disabilities, it soon became a catchall organization representing multiple disability types including people with intellectual disabilities. [7] [11] In 1990, the General Law of Sports was passed, (Spanish: Ley General del Deporte) which led to changes in how sport was organized inside Spain.
Disability treatments have varied widely over time in the United States, and can vary widely between disabilities, and between individuals. [1]Throughout the Industrial Revolution many disabled people would still end up in asylums, especially if they were mentally disabled, as those were considered completely untreatable.