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Relations between the territories of present-day Somalia and the United Kingdom date back to the 19th century. In 1884, Britain established the British Somali Coast Protectorate in northern Somalia (now Somaliland) after signing successive treaties with the then ruling Somali Sultans, such as Mohamoud Ali Shire of the Warsangali. [1]
Foreign relations of the Republic of Somaliland are the responsibility of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Somaliland. [1] The region's self-declaration of independence (from Somalia on 18 May 1991, after the start of ongoing Somali Civil War ) remains unrecognised by the international community .
British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate (Somali: Maxmiyadda Dhulka Soomaalida), was a protectorate of the United Kingdom in modern Somaliland. [2] During its existence, the territory was bordered by Italian Somalia , French Somali Coast and Abyssinia (temporarily Italian Ethiopia ).
The UK governed Somaliland from 1884–1940 and 1941–1960, Somaliland achieved full independence on 26 June 1960. The UK also administered the remaining territory of modern Somalia from 1941–1950, until it became an Italian Trust Territory .
While Somaliland has close links with the UK as a former part of the empire, the only country which recognises it is Ethiopia which signed a deal for access to the sea at the port city of Berbera.
Diplomatic relations between Somalia and Germany were established on 1 July 1960, shortly after the Somali Republic's independence. [185] After a pause due to the Somali Civil War, relations where reestablished in 2012. Germany provides development aid to Somalia and both countries have established a security partnership.
Agreements and Exchanges of Letters between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Somaliland in connexion with the Attainment of Independence by Somaliland [5] The Somaliland Protectorate Constitutional Conference, London, May 1960 in which it was decide that 26 June be the day of Independence, and so signed on 12 May 1960.
English version of the treaty: [8] Her Majesty Victoria, by the grace of God, Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India, and His Majesty Menelek II, by the grace of God, King of Kings of Ethiopia, being desirous of strengthening and rendering more effective and profitable the ancient friendship which has existed between their respective kingdoms; Her Majesty Queen Victoria having ...