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In the interwar period, Oświęcim was a garrison town for the Polish Army, and during the German occupation of Poland in World War II, the former barracks were expanded to host the infamous German Nazi Auschwitz concentration camp (also known as KL or KZ Auschwitz Birkenau), now the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Before the German-Soviet invasion of 1939, Kraków was an influential centre for the 60,000–80,000 Polish Jews who had lived there since the 13th century. [2] Persecution of the Jewish population of Kraków began immediately after the German troops entered the city on 6 September 1939 in the course of the German aggression against Poland.
The Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum (Polish: Państwowe Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau) [3] is a museum on the site of the Nazi German Auschwitz concentration camp in Oświęcim, Poland. The site includes the main concentration camp at Auschwitz I and the remains of the concentration and extermination camp at Auschwitz II-Birkenau .
Bernard Offen (born 17 April 1929) in Kraków, Poland is a Holocaust survivor.He survived the Kraków Ghetto and several Nazi concentration camps.. His parents, two brothers, and one sister lived in the Podgórze area of Kraków which in March 1941 became the Kraków Ghetto.
The Auschwitz trial began on November 24, 1947, in Kraków, when Poland's Supreme National Tribunal tried forty former staff of the Auschwitz concentration camps. The trials ended on December 22, 1947. The best-known defendants were Arthur Liebehenschel, former commandant; Maria Mandl, head of the Auschwitz women's camps; and SS-doctor Johann ...
On the 18 of November 1939, during the early months of the Nazi occupation of Poland, Oskar Schindler was introduced to Stern, [5] who was then working as an accountant for Schindler's fellow Abwehr agent Josef "Sepp" Aue, who had gained control of Stern's formerly Jewish-owned place of employment as a Treuhänder (trustee). [6]
Auschwitz: The Nazis and 'The Final Solution' is a six-episode BBC documentary film series presenting the story of the Auschwitz concentration camp from its early operations in 1940 to the prosecution of German Nazis involved in the operation of the camp. It combines interviews with former inmates and guards with authentic reenactments of ...
In all, about 9,000 to 15,000 Auschwitz system prisoners perished during the evacuation marches. [4] The abandoned camp was infiltrated on January 19, 1945, by the local unit of the Polish resistance organization Armia Krajowa (AK). 350 prisoners were still alive when the Soviet Red Army forces arrived there a week later. Commandant Pfütze was ...