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  2. Jacobi polynomials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi_polynomials

    Plot of the Jacobi polynomial function (,) with = and = and = in the complex plane from to + with colors created with Mathematica 13.1 function ComplexPlot3D. In mathematics, Jacobi polynomials (occasionally called hypergeometric polynomials) (,) are a class of classical orthogonal polynomials.

  3. Orthogonal coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_coordinates

    A conformal map acting on a rectangular grid. Note that the orthogonality of the curved grid is retained. While vector operations and physical laws are normally easiest to derive in Cartesian coordinates, non-Cartesian orthogonal coordinates are often used instead for the solution of various problems, especially boundary value problems, such as those arising in field theories of quantum ...

  4. Conjugate gradient method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_gradient_method

    The result, x 2, is a "better" approximation to the system's solution than x 1 and x 0. If exact arithmetic were to be used in this example instead of limited-precision, then the exact solution would theoretically have been reached after n = 2 iterations ( n being the order of the system).

  5. Legendre polynomials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_polynomials

    The Legendre polynomials were first introduced in 1782 by Adrien-Marie Legendre [3] as the coefficients in the expansion of the Newtonian potential | ′ | = + ′ ′ ⁡ = = ′ + (⁡), where r and r′ are the lengths of the vectors x and x′ respectively and γ is the angle between those two vectors.

  6. Orthogonal polynomials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_polynomials

    They can sometimes be written in terms of Jacobi polynomials. For example, Zernike polynomials are orthogonal on the unit disk. The advantage of orthogonality between different orders of Hermite polynomials is applied to Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) structure. More than one symbol can be carried in each grid of time ...

  7. Orthogonality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonality

    The line segments AB and CD are orthogonal to each other. In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity.Whereas perpendicular is typically followed by to when relating two lines to one another (e.g., "line A is perpendicular to line B"), [1] orthogonal is commonly used without to (e.g., "orthogonal lines A and B").

  8. Response surface methodology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_surface_methodology

    Orthogonality The property that allows individual effects of the k-factors to be estimated independently without (or with minimal) confounding. Also orthogonality provides minimum variance estimates of the model coefficient so that they are uncorrelated. Rotatability The property of rotating points of the design about the center of the factor ...

  9. Walsh function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walsh_function

    Walsh functions and trigonometric functions are both systems that form a complete, orthonormal set of functions, an orthonormal basis in the Hilbert space [,] of the square-integrable functions on the unit interval.

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