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Lithium phosphide is an inorganic compound of lithium and phosphorus with the chemical formula Li 3 P. This dark colored compound is formally the lithium salt of phosphine, consisting of lithium cations Li + and phosphide anions P 3−. It is hazardous to handle because of its high reactivity toward air. [1]
Phosphorous acid (or phosphonic acid) is the compound described by the formula H 3 PO 3. This acid is diprotic (readily ionizes two protons), not triprotic as might be suggested by this formula. Phosphorous acid is an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds.
Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 3 P O 4. It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution , which is a colourless, odourless, and non- volatile syrupy liquid.
2 LiOH·H 2 O + CO 2 → Li 2 CO 3 + 3 H 2 O. or 2 LiOH + CO 2 → Li 2 CO 3 + H 2 O. The latter, anhydrous hydroxide, is preferred for its lower mass and lesser water production for respirator systems in spacecraft. One gram of anhydrous lithium hydroxide can remove 450 cm 3 of carbon dioxide gas. The monohydrate loses its water at 100–110 °C.
Lithium peroxide is the inorganic compound with the formula Li 2 O 2. Lithium peroxide is a white solid, and unlike most other alkali metal peroxides, it is nonhygroscopic. Because of its high oxygen:mass and oxygen:volume ratios, the solid has been used to remove CO 2 from and release O 2 to the atmosphere in spacecraft. [4]
3 PO 4, H 2 (PO 4) − and H(PO 4) 2− behave as separate weak acids because the successive pK a differ by more than 4. Phosphate can form many polymeric ions such as pyrophosphate, (P 2 O 7) 4−, and triphosphate, (P 3 O 10) 5−. The various metaphosphate ions (which are usually long linear polymers) have an empirical formula of (PO 3) − ...
Lithium will ignite and burn in oxygen when exposed to water or water vapor. In moist air, lithium rapidly tarnishes to form a black coating of lithium hydroxide (LiOH and LiOH·H 2 O), lithium nitride (Li 3 N) and lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3, the result of a secondary reaction between LiOH and CO 2). [48]
[3]: 8 Many reactions of LiH with oxygen-containing species yield LiOH, which in turn irreversibly reacts with LiH at temperatures above 300 °C: [3]: 10 LiH + LiOH → Li 2 O + H 2. Lithium hydride is rather unreactive at moderate temperatures with O 2 or Cl 2. It is, therefore, used in the synthesis of other useful hydrides, [8] e.g.,