Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Micro-irrigation, sometimes called localized irrigation, low volume irrigation, or trickle irrigation is a system where water is distributed under low pressure through a piped network, in a pre-determined pattern, and applied as a small discharge to each plant or adjacent to it. Traditional drip irrigation use individual emitters, subsurface ...
The first use of sprinklers by farmers was some form of home and golf course type sprinklers. These ad hoc systems, while doing the job of the buried pipes and fixed sprinkler heads, interfered with cultivation and were expensive to maintain. Center-pivot irrigation was invented in 1940 [3] by farmer Frank Zybach, who lived in Strasburg ...
Domestic wastewater was used for irrigation by ancient civilizations (e.g. Mesopotamian, Indus valley, and Minoan) since the Bronze Age (c. 3200 – c. 1100 BCE). [10] Thereafter, wastewater was used for disposal, irrigation, and fertilization by Hellenic civilizations and later by Romans in areas surrounding cities (e.g. Athens and Rome).
The Aztecs developed irrigation systems, formed terraced hillsides, fertilized their soil, and developed chinampas or artificial islands, also known as "floating gardens". The Mayas between 400 BC to 900 AD used extensive canal and raised field systems to farm swampland on the Yucatán Peninsula. [121] [122]
Irrigation allowed the Egyptians to use the Nile's waters for a variety of purposes. Notably, irrigation granted them greater control over their agricultural practices. [1] Floodwaters were diverted away from certain areas, such as cities and gardens, to keep them from flooding. Irrigation was also used to provide drinking water to Egyptians.
By at least the 3rd century BC: Archimedes' screw, one of the earliest hydraulic machines, was first used in the Nile river for irrigation purposes in Ancient Egypt [259] Early 3rd century BC: Canal lock in Canal of the Pharaohs under Ptolemy II (283–246 BC) in Hellenistic Egypt [260] [261] [262]
One theory is that the qanat was developed to irrigate cotton fields, [16] first in what is now Iran, where it doubled the amount of available water for irrigation and urban use. [17] Because of this, Persia enjoyed larger surpluses of agricultural products, thus increasing urbanization and social stratification. [ 18 ]
The first archaeological signs of irrigation in Mesopotamia appear around 6000 BC at Choga Mami in central Mesopotamia, during the Samarra culture (6200-5700 BC). Mesopotamia south of this site is very poorly attested in this period - it is possible that the first communities developed there at the same time and also made use of irrigation.