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  2. Phosphorus pentabromide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus_pentabromide

    Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula P Br 5, which has the structure [PBr 4] + Br − (tetrabromophosphonium bromide) in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr 3 and Br 2.

  3. List of Johnson solids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Johnson_solids

    In three-dimensional symmetry point groups, the transformations preserving a polyhedron's symmetry include the rotation around the line passing through the base center, known as the axis of symmetry, and the reflection relative to perpendicular planes passing through the bisector of a base, which is known as the pyramidal symmetry of order .

  4. Compatibility (mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatibility_(mechanics)

    In the continuum description of a solid body we imagine the body to be composed of a set of infinitesimal volumes or material points. Each volume is assumed to be connected to its neighbors without any gaps or overlaps. Certain mathematical conditions have to be satisfied to ensure that gaps/overlaps do not develop when a continuum body is ...

  5. Rigid body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigid_body

    The position of the whole body is represented by: the linear position or position of the body, namely the position of one of the particles of the body, specifically chosen as a reference point (typically coinciding with the center of mass or centroid of the body), together with; the angular position (also known as orientation, or attitude) of ...

  6. Force lines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_lines

    The force lines are denser near the hole. The visualization helps to explain the stress concentration. Figure 2 shows the force lines in a body with a crack. The cracks are the most dangerous stress concentrator: the intensity of the force lines is high in the crack tip (see Fracture mechanics).

  7. Center of mass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass

    For a rigid body containing its center of mass, this is the point to which a force may be applied to cause a linear acceleration without an angular acceleration. Calculations in mechanics are often simplified when formulated with respect to the center of mass. It is a hypothetical point where the entire mass of an object may be assumed to be ...

  8. Physically based rendering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physically_based_rendering

    Bricks rendered using PBR. Even though this is a rough, opaque surface, more than just diffuse light is reflected from the brighter side of the material, creating small highlights, because "everything is shiny" in the physically-based rendering model of the real world.

  9. Rigid body dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigid_body_dynamics

    In the physical science of dynamics, rigid-body dynamics studies the movement of systems of interconnected bodies under the action of external forces.The assumption that the bodies are rigid (i.e. they do not deform under the action of applied forces) simplifies analysis, by reducing the parameters that describe the configuration of the system to the translation and rotation of reference ...