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Central sleep apnea syndromes: Primary central sleep apnea 327.21 G47.31 Central sleep apnea due to Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern 768.04 R06.3 Central sleep apnea due to high altitude periodic breathing 327.22 G47.32 Central sleep apnea due to a medical condition, not Cheyne-Stokes 327.27 G47.31 Central sleep apnea due to a drug or substance ...
The conditions of hypoxia and hypercapnia, whether caused by apnea or not, trigger additional effects on the body.The immediate effects of central sleep apnea on the body depend on how long the failure to breathe endures, how short is the interval between failures to breathe, and the presence or absence of independent conditions whose effects amplify those of an apneic episode.
Central sleep apnea comorbid with opioid use 327.21 G47.31 Idiopathic central sleep apnea: 786.04: R06.3: Cheyne-Stokes breathing 780.57: G47.37: Central sleep apnea comorbid with opioid use Note: First code opioid use disorder, if present. Specify current severity
Sleep apnea is measured by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). An AHI is determined with a sleep study. AHI values for adults are categorized as: [2] [3] Normal: AHI<5; Mild sleep apnea: 5≤AHI<15; Moderate sleep apnea: 15≤AHI<30; Severe sleep apnea: AHI≥30; An episode is when a person hesitates to breathe or stops their breathing altogether.
In sleep clinics, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome or obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (as well as central sleep apnea) is normally diagnosed based on the frequent presence of apneas and/or hypopneas rather than differentiating between the two phenomena.
Some people with sleep apnea have a combination of both types; its prevalence ranges from 0.56% to 18%. The condition, also called treatment-emergent central apnea, is generally detected when obstructive sleep apnea is treated with CPAP and central sleep apnea emerges. [18]
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder and is characterized by recurrent episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway leading to reduced or absent breathing during sleep.
Central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that causes ineffective breathing, apnea, or respiratory arrest during sleep (and during wakefulness in severe cases). CHS can either be congenital (CCHS) or acquired (ACHS) later in life.