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Literacy is the ability to read and write. Some researchers suggest that the study of "literacy" as a concept can be divided into two periods: the period before 1950, when literacy was understood solely as alphabetical literacy (word and letter recognition); and the period after 1950, when literacy slowly began to be considered as a wider concept and process, including the social and cultural ...
Functional illiteracy consists of reading and writing skills that are inadequate "to manage daily living and employment tasks that require reading skills beyond a basic level". [1] Those who read and write only in a language other than the predominant language of their environs may also be considered functionally illiterate in the predominant ...
The three Rs [1] are three basic skills taught in schools: reading, writing and arithmetic", Reading, wRiting, and ARithmetic [2] or Reckoning. The phrase appears to have been coined at the beginning of the 19th century.
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch. [1] [2] [3] [4]For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.
Open Court Reading; name changed to "Imagine It!" in 2008; Orton-Gillingham; Phono-graphix (1993) – developed by Carmen and Geoffrey McGuinness; Preventing Academic Failure (PAF) program (1978) Reading Mastery by SRA/McGraw-Hill, previously known as DISTAR; Smart Way Reading and Spelling (2001) Spalding Method
Correlations also exist between reading ability, spoken language development, and learning disabilities. Therefore, advances in any one of these areas may assist understanding in inter-related subjects. [27] Ultimately, the development of word recognition may facilitate the breakthrough between "learning to read" and "reading to learn". [28]
Balanced literacy is a theory of teaching reading and writing the English language that arose in the 1990s and has a variety of interpretations. For some, balanced literacy strikes a balance between whole language and phonics and puts an end to the so called "reading wars".
Interactive writing is a cooperative event in which text is jointly composed and written. The teacher uses the interactive writing session to model reading and writing strategies as he or she engages children in creating text. Interactive writing was also included by Irene Fountas and Gay Su Pinnell as part of their balanced literacy framework ...