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The liquid stream from the gas–liquid separator flows through a valve and undergoes a throttling expansion from an absolute pressure of 62 bar to 21 bar (6.2 to 2.1 MPa), which is an isenthalpic process (i.e., a constant-enthalpy process) that results in lowering the temperature of the stream from about −51 °C to about −81 °C as the ...
Per stage, 200 bar is handled with up to 15,000 kW power and a maximum expansion ratio of 14, the generator loaded expander for hydrogen gas is fitted with an automatic thrust balance, a dry gas seal, and a programmable logic control with remote monitoring and diagnostics. [1]
Thus beyond approximately 3000 kN (700,000 lbf) of thrust, there is no longer enough nozzle area to heat enough fuel to drive the turbines and hence the fuel pumps. [1] Higher thrust levels can be achieved using a bypass expander cycle where a portion of the fuel bypasses the turbine and or thrust chamber cooling passages and goes directly to ...
This concept lies in the basis for the kinetic theory of matter and thermal expansion of matter, which states as the temperature of a substance rises, so does the average kinetic energy of its molecules. As such, a rise in kinetic energy requires more space between the particles of a given substance, which leads to its physical expansion. [2]
In 1887, Brayton developed and patented a four-stroke direct-injection oil engine. [8] The fuel system used a variable-quantity pump and liquid-fuel, high-pressure, spray-type injection. The liquid was forced through a spring-loaded, relief-type valve (injector) which caused the fuel to become divided into small droplets.
The gas-generator cycle, also called open cycle, is one of the most commonly used power cycles in bipropellant liquid rocket engines. Propellant is burned in a gas generator (or "preburner") and the resulting hot gas is used to power the propellant pumps before being exhausted overboard and lost.
T-s diagram for the ideal/real ORC. The working principle of the organic Rankine cycle is the same as that of the Rankine cycle: the working fluid is pumped to a boiler where it is evaporated, passed through an expansion device (turbine, [3] screw, [4] scroll, [5] or other expander), and then through a condenser heat exchanger where it is finally re-condensed.
Volumetric efficiency (VE) in internal combustion engine engineering is defined as the ratio of the equivalent volume of the fresh air drawn into the cylinder during the intake stroke (if the gases were at the reference condition for density) to the volume of the cylinder itself.