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Canadian English (CanE, CE, en-CA) [5] encompasses the varieties of English used in Canada. According to the 2016 census, English was the first language of 19.4 million Canadians or 58.1% of the total population; the remainder spoke French (20.8%) or other languages (21.1%). [6]
Atlantic Canadian English is a class of Canadian English dialects spoken in Atlantic Canada that is notably distinct from Standard Canadian English. [1] It is composed of Maritime English (or Maritimer English) and Newfoundland English. It was mostly influenced by British and Irish English, Irish and Scottish Gaelic, and some Acadian French.
In particular, Standard Canadian English is defined by the cot–caught merger to ⓘ and an accompanying chain shift of vowel sounds, which is called the Canadian Shift. A subset of the dialect geographically at its central core, excluding British Columbia to the west and everything east of Montreal, has been called Inland Canadian English.
The Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada (LINC; French: Cours de langue pour les immigrants au Canada, CLIC) program is a free language education programme—funded and regulated by the Canadian government's Department of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship—that offers full-time and part-time English- (excluding Quebec) and French-language lessons to adult permanent residents (or ...
The CLB grew out of a federal government initiative undertaken in 1992, to support the language learning needs of immigrants to the country. In 1993, Citizenship and Immigration Canada established the National Working Group on Language Benchmarks. In November 1996, the group published the Canadian Language Benchmarks (Working Document).
Academics have begun to recommend that Canadian schools accept Indigenous varieties of English as valid English and as a part of Indigenous culture. [2] [3] Recognition of FNE dialects helps highlight and celebrate Indigenous identity in the Canadian context. There are relatively few written works appear in Indigenous English dialects.
This page was last edited on 31 January 2022, at 08:17 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
List of Canadian English dictionaries: Canadian Oxford Dictionary ISBN 0195418166; Collins Canadian Dictionary ISBN 0007337523; A Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles ISBN 0771519761; Gage Canadian Dictionary ISBN 0771519818; Houghton Mifflin Canadian Dictionary ISBN 0395296544; ITP Nelson Canadian Dictionary ISBN 0176065911