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This is a list of GIS data sources (including some geoportals) that provide information sets that can be used in geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial databases for purposes of geospatial analysis and cartographic mapping. This list categorizes the sources of interest.
On July 23, 2009, the Energy and Mineral Resources Subcommittee of the House Natural Resources Committee held an oversight hearing on federal geospatial data management. Rep. John Sarbanes of Maryland quoted a U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) report from his briefing material saying that only 4 of the FGDC member agencies were in compliance ...
After identifying mentions of places and locations in text, a GIR system indexes this information for search and retrieval. GIR systems can commonly be broken down into the following stages: geoparsing , text and geographic indexing, data storage, geographic relevance ranking with respect to a geographic query and browsing results commonly with ...
[1] [2] It is also called geospatial data and information, [citation needed] georeferenced data and information, [citation needed] as well as geodata and geoinformation. [ citation needed ] Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).
Currently, the best source for nationwide LiDAR availability from public sources is the United States Interagency Elevation Inventory (USIEI). [1] The USIEI is a collaborative effort of NOAA and the U.S. Geological Survey, with contributions from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the US Army Corps of Engineers, and the National Park Service.
(Spatial) data repository - to store data, e.g., a spatial database; GIS software (client or desktop) - to create and update spatial data; Besides these software components, a range of (international) technical standards are necessary that allow interaction between the different software components.
The origin of the geodatabase was in the mid-1990s during the emergence of the first spatial databases.One early approach to integrating relational databases and GIS was the use of server middleware, a third-party program that stores the spatial data in database tables in a custom format, and translates it dynamically into a logical model that can be understood by the client software.
The National Geographic Names database (NGNDB [1] hereafter) was originally 57 computer files, one for each state and territory of the United States (except Alaska which got two) plus one for the District of Columbia. [13] The second Alaska file was an earlier database, the Dictionary of Alaska Place Names that had been compiled by the USGS in ...