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Diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure forms of the same element that differ in crystalline structure.. Allotropy or allotropism (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos) 'other' and τρόπος (tropos) 'manner, form') is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.
Carbon is capable of forming many allotropes (structurally different forms of the same element) due to its valency (tetravalent). Well-known forms of carbon include diamond and graphite. In recent decades, many more allotropes have been discovered and researched, including ball shapes such as buckminsterfullerene and sheets such as graphene.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. move to sidebar hide ... not pure elements in their standard state or allotropes.
The following table gives the crystalline structure of the most thermodynamically stable form(s) for elements that are solid at standard temperature and pressure. Each element is shaded by a color representing its respective Bravais lattice, except that all orthorhombic lattices are grouped together.
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3 Overview element properties. 4 See also. Toggle the table of contents. Template: Infobox element/symbol-to-allotropes. 6 languages.
[1] [2] More compounds of carbon exist than any other chemical element except for hydrogen. Organic carbon compounds are far more numerous than inorganic carbon compounds. In general bonds of carbon with other elements are covalent bonds. Carbon is tetravalent but carbon free radicals and carbenes occur as short-lived intermediates.
Elements including metals may exhibit polymorphism. Allotropy is the term used when describing elements having different forms and is used commonly in the field of metallurgy. Some (but not all) allotropes are also polymorphs. For example, iron has three allotropes that are also polymorphs. Alpha-iron, which exists at room temperature, has a ...