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The Riemann zeta function ζ(z) plotted with domain coloring. [1] The pole at = and two zeros on the critical line.. The Riemann zeta function or Euler–Riemann zeta function, denoted by the Greek letter ζ (), is a mathematical function of a complex variable defined as () = = = + + + for >, and its analytic continuation elsewhere.
Then there is a number c in (a, b) such that the n th derivative of f at c is zero. The red curve is the graph of function with 3 roots in the interval [−3, 2] . Thus its second derivative (graphed in green) also has a root in the same interval.
A critical value is the image under f of a critical point. These concepts may be visualized through the graph of f: at a critical point, the graph has a horizontal tangent if one can be assigned at all. Notice how, for a differentiable function, critical point is the same as stationary point.
The rational root test allows finding q and p by examining a finite number of cases (because q must be a divisor of a, and p must be a divisor of d). Thus, one root is x 1 = p q , {\displaystyle \textstyle x_{1}={\frac {p}{q}},} and the other roots are the roots of the other factor, which can be found by polynomial long division .
The sign of the expression Δ 0 = b 2 – 3ac inside the square root determines the number of critical points. If it is positive, then there are two critical points, one is a local maximum, and the other is a local minimum. If b 2 – 3ac = 0, then there is only one critical point, which is an inflection point.
A Gram point is a point on the critical line 1/2 + it where the zeta function is real and non-zero. Using the expression for the zeta function on the critical line, ζ(1/2 + it) = Z(t)e − iθ(t), where Hardy's function, Z, is real for real t, and θ is the Riemann–Siegel theta function, we see that zeta is real when sin(θ(t)) = 0.
Watch firsthand, in 360 video, as Susan Sarandon listens and learns about refugees' hopes, dreams and journeys
Graph of a polynomial of degree 7, with 7 real roots (crossings of the x axis) and 6 critical points.Depending on the number and vertical location of the minima and maxima, the septic could have 7, 5, 3, or 1 real root counted with their multiplicity; the number of complex non-real roots is 7 minus the number of real roots.