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The United States has developed many space programs since the beginning of the spaceflight era in the mid-20th century. The government runs space programs by three primary agencies: NASA for civil space; the United States Space Force for military space; and the National Reconnaissance Office for intelligence space. These entities have invested ...
Program Start date First crewed flight End date No. of crewed missions launched Notes Mercury program: 1958 1961: 1963: 6: First U.S. crewed program Gemini program: 1961 1965: 1966: 10: Program used to practice space rendezvous and EVAs: Apollo program: 1960 1968: 1972: 11: Landed first humans on the Moon Skylab: 1964 1973: 1974: 3: First ...
A space program is an organized effort by a government or a company with a goal related to outer space. Lists of space programs include: List of government space agencies; List of private spaceflight companies; List of human spaceflight programs; List of space programs of the United States; List of uncrewed spacecraft by program
The United States has two distinct space programs: the civilian space program led by NASA, and the military space program led by the United States Space Force and United States Space Command. Both programs exist under the political control of the United States Congress and the President of the United States .
The early history of United States space policy is linked to the US–Soviet Space Race of the 1960s, which gave way to the Space Shuttle program. At the moment, the US space policy is aimed at the exploration of the Moon and the subsequent colonization of Mars.
These included military programs—with and without the Almaz/Salyut space stations—and two lunar programs, only one of which aimed at an actual lunar landing. In the end, only the orbital program and the space station program went ahead. Few of the cosmonauts from this group ever were given the chance to fly. November – USAF MOL Group 1 (USA)
Project Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States, running from 1958 through 1963. Its goal was to put a person into Earth orbit and return them safely, ideally before the Soviet Union. John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth on February 20, 1962, aboard the Mercury-Atlas 6. [57]
The space agency listings are segregated to enable identification of subsets of the complete list that have advanced to higher levels or technical or programmatic proficiency in accordance with the following: Establishment of agency, initial exploitation of space-based systems; Development of launch capability