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Fexofenadine, sold under the brand name Allegra among others, [10] is an antihistamine pharmaceutical drug used in the treatment of allergy symptoms, such as hay fever and urticaria. [ 11 ] Therapeutically, fexofenadine is a selective peripheral H 1 blocker .
[22] [26] The first non-sedating antihistamine was terfenadine (Seldane) and was developed in 1973. [ 22 ] [ 27 ] Subsequently, other non-sedating antihistamines like loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and fexofenadine (Allegra) were developed and introduced.
H 1 antagonists, also called H 1 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the H 1 receptor, helping to relieve allergic reactions.Agents where the main therapeutic effect is mediated by negative modulation of histamine receptors are termed antihistamines; other agents may have antihistaminergic action but are not true antihistamines.
It contains fexofenadine, as the hydrochloride, an antihistamine; and pseudoephedrine, as the hydrochloride, a nasal decongestant. [ 2 ] In 2021, it was the 279th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 800,000 prescriptions.
Among second-generation antihistamines, cetirizine is more likely than fexofenadine and loratadine to cause drowsiness. [7] Use in pregnancy appears safe, but use during breastfeeding is not recommended. [8] The medication works by blocking histamine H 1 receptors, mostly outside the brain. [6] Cetirizine can be used for paediatric patients.
Ebastine is a H 1 antihistamine with low potential for causing drowsiness.. It does not penetrate the blood–brain barrier to a significant amount and thus combines an effective block of the H 1 receptor in peripheral tissue with a low incidence of central side effects, i.e. seldom causing sedation or drowsiness.